BACHELOR OF SCIENCE MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Theory

Practicals in both applied and basic Physiology

Research in thematic areas

Journal club

Workshops and seminars

Duration and structure of course units

 

1st Semester

Code HMP401

Course Systems Physiology and Pathophysiology

Hour 45

Units 1

 

Code HMP 402

Course Research Methods and Biostatistics

Hour 45

 Unit1

 

Code HMP 403

Coorse Seminars I -Topics from Basic Physiology

Hour 45

 

Unit 1

Code HMP 404

Course Special topics in Physiology

Hour 45

Unit 1

 

Code HMP 405

Course Literature Review and Research Proposal Development

Hour 45

Unit 1

Total  225

Units 5

 

2nd Semester

Code HMP406

Course Seminars II - Topics from Applied Physiology

Hour 45

Unit 1

Code HMP 407

Course Project

Hour l 225

Units 5

Total 270

Units 6

 

1. 1. Course Matrix

Table 1 Learning Outcome Course Matrix

                      

Learning outcome

HMP 401

HMP 402

HMP 403

HMP 404

HMP 405

HMP 406

HMP 407

Learning outcome 1

Describe the physiological processes of the human body systems

Describe various research methods and data management

Prepare and present seminars on various scientific topics in basic physiology

Describe the physiology of selected topics in advanced physiology 

Review existing literature and come up with research questions 

Prepare and present seminars on various scientific topics in applied physiology

Write a thesis of their own research

Learning outcome 2

Describe the pathophysiology of the human body

Mount and perform various experiments covered in the course.

 

2. COURSE DESCRIPTION
   1. SYSTEMS PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Code and Unit Title

HMP 401  SYSTEMS PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Learning Hours

45 hours   1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to know the detailed physiology and pathophysiology of the human body

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Describe the physiological processes of the human body systems
2. Describe the pathophysiology of the human body

Content

1. Principles of measurement and interpretation of physiological parameters.
2. Homeostasis and Body Fluid balance.
3. Disorders of Homeostasis, and Fluid Replacement.
4. Principles of the receptor mechanism; Disorders of receptor function.
5. Myocardial contractility.
6. Gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction.
7. Principles of exercise tolerance; Disorders of the cardiovascular system.
8. Principles of respiratory function; Disorders of the respiratory system.
9. Principles of gastrointestinal function; Disorders of gastrointestinal system.
10. Principles of endocrine functions; Disorders of endocrine functions.
11. Principles of the nervous system function; Disorders of the nervous system function.
12. Principles of special senses; Disorders of special senses.

 

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials and laboratory practicals

Assessment mode

CATs and End of Semester Examinations

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Hall, John E., (2016) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 13th Edition.  Elsevier, Canada.

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26th Edition. (2015) Kim E. Barrett, Susan M. Barman, Scott Boitano, Heddwen L. Brooks. Lange, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition

Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Professions. Saunders; 4th edition (February 2, 2009). ISBN-10: 1416055436. By Robert J Hubert.

Berne & Levy Physiology. 7th Edition. Mosby

ISBN-13: 9780323073622. by Bruce M Koeppen, MD, PhD (Editor), Bruce A Stanton, PhD (Editor)

 

1. 2. RESEARCH METHODS AND BIOSTATISTICS

Code and Unit Title

HMP 402  RESEARCH METHODS AND BIOSTATISTICS

Learning Hours

45hrs   1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to understand the various research methods and statistical approaches to data analysis

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Describe various research methods and data management.
2. Mount and perform various experiments covered in the course.

Content

Overview of existing research methods- Sampling methods; Ethics. Research logs.  Scientific writing.  Descriptive Statistics. Measurement scales and variables. Presentation of data.  Probability and sampling.  Measures of central tendency; Sample size; Inferential Statistics. Comparison of two samples by t-test; the chi-square test, ANOVA. Non-parametric tests. Correlation and regression analysis. Reporting of statistical analysis.   

 

Basic laboratory techniques, in vitro and in vivo methodology, total blood analysis; Measurement of blood pressure, ECG, isolated heart preparation. Measurement of lung volumes and capacities; Automaticity of the GIT; Visual and Hearing Assessment; Behavioral neuroscience techniques, electrophysiology.

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

CATs and End of Semester examinations

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Olive Mugenda and Abel G. Mugenda:  Research methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (1999). African Center for Technology Studies.  ISBN 9966411070, 9789966411075 256 pages www.oalib.com/references/15165882

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Kothari C.R. 2015.  Research methodology : methods and techniques,(2nd Revised Edition)    New Age International Private Ltd. Available on the internet

Research Methodology and Biostatistics. 1st Edition. A Comprehensive Guide for Health Care Professionals by Sharma Suresh. Paperback ISBN: 9788131244425. eBook ISBN: 9788131246481

 

1. 3.  SEMINARS 1-TOPICS FROM BASIC PHYSIOLOGY

Code and Unit Title

HMP 403  SEMINARS 1-TOPICS FROM BASIC PHYSIOLOGY

Learning Hours

45 hours              1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to prepare and present scientific information in basic physiology in seminar settings

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Prepare and present seminars on various scientific topics in basic physiology

Content

1. Regulation of gene transcription  
2. Epigenetics                                               
3. Second messengers                                              
4. Autocrine gases                                        
5. Biological motors                                     
6. Principles of Biological control                
7. The phenomenon of immunodeficiency  
8. Gastric acid secretion                                           
9. Respiration in special environments         

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies, eLearning and Journal Club presentations

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

Grading of the preparation and actual seminar presentation

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Journal articles on the relevant topics

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26th Edition. (2015) Kim E. Barrett, Susan M. Barman, Scott Boitano, Heddwen L. Brooks. Lange, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition

Genetics: A Conceptual Approach Sixth Edition

by Benjamin A. Pierce. ISBN-13: 978-1319050962

ISBN-10: 1319050964

Visscher, Peter M., William G. Hill, and Naomi R. Wray. "Heritability in the genomics era—concepts and misconceptions." nATurE rEvIEWS| genetics 9 (2008): 255.

Allis, C., Jenuwein, T. The molecular hallmarks of epigenetic control. Nat Rev Genet 17, 487–500 (2016) doi:10.1038/nrg.2016.59.

Molecular Cell Biology 6th Edition. by Harvey Lodish, Arnold Berk, Chris A. Kaiser, Monty Krieger, Matthew P. Scott, Anthony Bretscher, Hidde Ploegh, Paul Matsudaira. ISBN-13: 978-0716776017

           
SPECIAL TOPICS IN PHYSIOLOGYCode and Unit Title

HMP 404  SPECIAL TOPICS IN PHYSIOLOGY

Learning Hours

45 hours              1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to understand selected topics in advanced physiology

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Describe the physiology of selected topics in advanced physiology  

Content

1. Cell and Molecular biology
2. Regulation of gene transcription    
3. Epigenetics                                               
4. Receptors and second messengers                                               
5. Autocrine gases                                        
6. Biological motors                                     
7. Principles of Biological control                
8. Immunobiology in health and disease     
9. Gastric acid secretion                               
10. Respiration in special environments         
11. Renal auto-regulations                             
12. Renal concentration mechanisms              
13. Fever and temperature regulation               
14. Mechanisms of arterial hypertension          
15. Role of physical exercise in metabolism  
16. Cloning in reproduction                           
17. Stress and sleep                                        
18. Physiological control of pain                   
19. Behavioral neuroscience
20. Discovery process in physiology and medicine

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

 CATs and End of Semester Examinations

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Hall, John E., (2016) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 13th Edition.  Elsevier, Canada.

 

Janeway's immunobiology / Kenneth Murphy, Casey Weaver; with contributions by Allan Mowat, Leslie Berg, David Chaplin; with acknowledgment to Charles A. Janeway Jr., Paul Travers, Mark Walport. 9th edition. | New York, NY : Garland Science/Taylor & Francis

 

Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26th Edition. (2015) Kim E. Barrett, Susan M. Barman, Scott Boitano, Heddwen L. Brooks. Lange, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Hynes, N., Ingham, P., Lim, W. et al. Signaling change: signal transduction through the decades. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14, 393–398 (2013) doi:10.1038/nrm3581

Neuroscience. Sixth Edition. Edited by Dale Purves, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, Richard D. Mooney, Michael L. Platt, and Leonard E. White. Publication Date - October 2017. ISBN: 9781605353807

 

 

1. 5. LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT

Code and Unit Title

HMP 405 LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT

Learning Hours

45 hours              1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to be able to review existing literature and identify knowledge gaps for further study

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Review existing literature and come up with research questions  

Content

Definition of research; Background information for research of interest; The research problem and hypothesis; Literature review; Writing a research proposal; Critical appraisal; Impact factor; Manuscript preparation.

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals Sessions of preparation and presentation of write-ups

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

 Grading the written proposal

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

C.R Kothari, 2015.  Research Methodology: Methods And Techniques’ ,Second Revised Edition (2nd Revised Edition)    New Age International Private Ltd. Available on the internet

 

Existing relevant published literature

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Title: Writing dissertation and grant proposals epidemiology, preventive medicine and biostatistics by Lisa Chasan-Taber. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. 2014

Effective science communication: a practical guide to surviving as a scientist. Sam Illingworth author.; Grant Allen (Ph. D), author. : IOP Publishing ; 2016. Bristol England Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK.

Research Methodology and Scientific Writing 2nd Edition. C George Thomas. ISBN: 978-938-826-4488. Publisher: Ane Books, New Delhi

 

1. 6. SEMINARS II- TOPICS FROM APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

Code and Unit Title

HMP 406  SEMINARS II - TOPICS FROM APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

Learning Hours

45 hours             1 unit

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to prepare and present scientific information in applied physiology in seminar settings

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Prepare and present seminars on various scientific topics in applied physiology

Content

1. Renal auto-regulations                             
2. Renal concentration mechanisms              
3. Fever and temperature regulation               
4. Mechanisms of arterial hypertension          
5. Role of physical exercise in metabolism  
6. Cloning in reproduction                           
7. Stress and sleep                                        
8. Physiological control of pain                               
9. Behavioral neuroscience
10. Discovery process in physiology and medicine                           

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem-based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals Journal club presentations

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

Grading of the preparation and actual seminar presentation

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 24th Edition. (2015) Kim E. Barrett, Susan M. Barman, Scott Boitano, Heddwen L. Brooks. Lange, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E 8th Edition. by Gary Hammer (Author), Stephen McPhee (Author). Lange ISBN-13: 978-1260026504.ISBN-10: 1260026507

Sato, N. (2018). Congestion: Historical and Pathophysiological Review and the Concept of Fundamental Management for Hospitalized Heart Failure. In Therapeutic Strategies for Heart Failure (pp. 39-54). Springer, Tokyo.

Ames, M. K., Atkins, C. E., & Pitt, B. (2019). The renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system and its suppression. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 33(2), 363-382.

Agaba, E. I., Rohrscheib, M., & Tzamaloukas, A. H. (2012). The renal concentrating mechanism and the clinical consequences of its loss. Nigerian medical journal: journal of the Nigeria Medical Association, 53(3), 109.

Tansey, E. A., & Johnson, C. D. (2015). Recent advances in thermoregulation. Advances in physiology education, 39(3), 139-148.

Gabriel, B. M., & Zierath, J. R. (2017). The limits of exercise physiology: from performance to health. Cell metabolism, 25(5), 1000-1011.

Chen, J. S., & Sehdev, J. S. (2019). Physiology, Pain. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.

 

1. 7.  PROJECT

Code and Unit Title

HMP 407 PROJECT

Learning Hours

225 hours              5 units

Prerequisite

Knowledge of undergraduate physiology and students who have completed third year  in MBChB, BDS and BPharm

Purpose

The goal of this unit is to enable the learner to write a thesis based on their research work

Expected Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, the learner should be able to:

1. Write a thesis of their own research

Content

Preparation of a basic research proposal.  Carrying out of the research in consultation with the supervisors. Writing and presenting a thesis which conforms to University of Nairobi guidelines.

Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Lectures, discovery learning, problem based learning, experimental learning, group –based learning, independent studies and eLearning and practicals Consultation and presentation

Instructional Materials and Equipment

Audio visual aids, printed materials

Assessment mode

 Thesis presentation

Academic Staff  Evaluation

Monitoring/observation by the Head of Department and assessment by lecturers and student evaluation forms.

Course Texts

Department format for thesis preparation

 

Further Reading Materials and Resources

 

Thesis Writing for Master's and Ph.D. Program. Editors S.C. Parija and Vikram Kate. 2018. Publisher. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. eBook ISBN 978-981-13-0890-1.

Research and Thesis Writing: A Textbook on the Principles and Techniques of Thesis Construction for the Use of Graduate Students in Universities and Colleges Paperback– 2008. by John C. Almack (Author). Publisher: Indigo Books (2008).  ISBN-10: 8129201461. ISBN-13: 978-8129201461

Chandrasekhar, R. (2002). How to write a thesis: A working guide. The University of Western Australia.